Stove for burning either liquid or gaseous fuel



Sept. 16, 1952 M. D. INGRAM 2,610,621

I STOVE FOR BURNING EITHERLIQUID OR GASEOUS FUEL Filed Dec. 29, 1948 Patented Sept. 16?, 1952 BURNING EITHER 'LTQUID on 1' GASE'QUS FUEL,

STOVE FOR Martell l). Ingram, Wichita Falls Terr. Application December 29, 1948, Serial No. 67,967

7 class. (c1; 126-94) This invention relates to improvements in stoves and more particularly to stoves which W111 burn-either liquid or gaseous fuel through the 7 same burner and without interchange of parts and without the addition of accessory parts.

Heretofore', stoves have been designed to burn either gaseous or'liquid fuel, but such'stoves could use one or the other of the fuels but not both with the'same burner mechanism. These burners, generally speakinghave required separate passages for the different types 'offuel, and changes had to be madein the burner, when the type of" fuel j used was changed.

In the present invention, the stove'is so designed as to use either gaseous or liquid fuel interchangeably, without the necessity of anychanges being made in the burner, in the fuel inlet or in the valve that is used to control the burner. i

The primary object of this present invention is to provide a stove that will burn either liquid or {gaseous fuel interchangeably and without the ne- "cessity, of making any changes in the burner, the

'piping'or the control valve.

Another object o'f'this invention is to provide a stove burner which provides for the combustion ofeither liquid or gaseous fuel, eitherof which fuelsmay be easily andreadily ignited without j pre-heating or generating the incoming fuel.

Another object of this invention is to provide a stove that is simple in construction, eillcient in operation, and easily regulated.

An embodiment of this invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the stove with"- parts broken away and other parts shown in section to illustrate the details of construction;,

Fig. 2.is an enlarged, vertical sectional view of the burner with parts thereof shown in elevation; Fig.3. is a perspective view of a portion of the burner with a portion of the spreader broken away, and other parts shown in section; and Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the stove.

With more detailedreferen'ce to thedrawing the numeral l designates a tubular stove body,

which body is substantially cylindrical in form and which. has legs 2 which support said body the desired distance above the floor. The tubular body I is' closed at its upper end bya head 3,

which head Bhas a flue-or pipe 4 in one side therei of'to carry 01f the products of combustion. The 1: pipe l. has a damper 5 therein, which damper 5 is secured to an axial shaft 6. which shaft is rotatably secured within pipe l. The damper 5 isregu; lated by a lever I, secured to the'sha'ft 6. so as to control the draft passing upward through the ipe 4.

The head 3 has sliding doors fl and a pivota lly secured thereto in position to close openings I and respectively, which openings Ill and II are formed within the head 3.

The opening ill, is

/ primarily an inspection opening, but also provides access to the interior of the stove for lighting the 7 burner. The opening H has a tube [2 extending downwardly therefrom to a point a spaced distance above the burner dome I3. I

1 The tubular body 1 has a bottom member M secured therein aboutthe outer periphery thereof, and which bottom member has anopening l therein, An upstanding tube is secured around the opening l5 iniiuid tight relation, and which tubeld extends upwardly a spaced distance and has a plurality of support members I! attached I to the upper end thereof, which members IT extend outwardly therefrom to support a'burner dome l3. It is preferable to have the upper surface of the burner dome convex and the-under surface thereof concave.' It is also preferable to have the pipe It a spaced distance below the undersurface of thedonie 53, so that an annular space I8 is defined theretbetween, so that a predetermined amount of air may pass therethrough.

Theburner dome It is of such diameter as to present an annular opening l9 around the outer periphery thereof and the inner diameter of tubular stove body i. This annular opening l9 presents a predetermined area to admit a given volume of air therethrough at the normal operating draft pressure. This is a fixed area and gives the prop- -er amount of air to give the normal combustion sitioned within downwardly extending tube 12.

.or horizontall Slots 24 are positioned in the upper end of pipe 20 and connect with openings 22, which, with the openings 22, form an increased outlet area for the fuel in pipe 20," particularly gas, however, as the liquid fuel rises higher than the holes-22, it may also pass outward through slots 24 onto the fl pper surface of the dome i3, in the caseof liquid fuel, p outward above the upperfportiion of dome IS, in the case of gaseous fuel.

3 Operation The fuel, either liquid or gaseous, is directed from a suitable storage supply into and through pipe 20 and valve 2| to the upper end of pipe 20 and out through holes 22. In the case of liquid fuel, it fiOWs out through openings 22 down onto the convex surface of the dome l3 where it spreads thereoverin a thin..film. .A .lightedmatch or gas is mixed with primary air drawn down through down draft pipe 12. After the initial mixing of the gas with primary air, further air is drawn in through annular space I9 to produce a higher degree of efficiency in combustion of the fuel and consequently a higher degree of heat for the amount of fuel consumed.

While the invention has been described in some I? late or gauge the-amount of 'draftto -obtairithe" *liquidfuelysuch as gas, kero'sene,*diesel oil," or

" i-with any'type of fuelthat' is used.

':distribution,of-"heat against-the--lower portion of -the'- wall .of the tubular body I, and 'theproducts cave convex, lens-like manner, and-with thefuel discharging-above the convex portion thereof, to 4 lighted or ignited by an suitable means'for initial 5:."d'etaibfor'purposes ofillustrz'ition, it is to be un- Io derstoo'd th'at'changesmay be made in the minor details of construction, without departing from I the invention as claimed.

...Havingthusdescribed the invention, what is 'claime'd is: '1'. A stove for burning either gaseous or liquid 1 fue'l wliichf stove has a hollow casing, a plate seicuredin the lower end portion of said casing and forming a bottom therefor, said bottom plate .ii havingf an air inlet tube secured therein and extending upwardly into said hollow casing, a non- :reservoir cover plateihaving .a downwardly depending outer edge, which. coverlplateis .supsported a spaced distanceabovthe. upper end? of :saidair inlet ,.tube; saidicover. plate. being spaced from the-.ivalls. ofsaidl hollow. casing .soias codefmean .airmassage; a. fuel finletpipepa'sSitig up- ;ward thrOughsaid cover plateandI havinglaiteral @fuel outlet iaperturesiformed therein a spaced distanceabovesaidcover plate, means'fifor. closing theuppenend of. saidifuelIinleti.pipe,.said hollow I casing-havingtheupper end thereof-closedby a .top plate, F. and. means -ior venting said ,I hollow casing.

2. A stove for burning either gaseous, orjliquid sfuelawh-ichstovehas .a hollow casing a' plate sesoured in the .lower ,portion of said .Casinga'nd C forminga .bottom therefor, said bottom jp'late .1 havingraniair inlet. tube; secured therein and .extending upwardly into saidhollow casing, a convex vburner..non-reservoir dome having adownwardlyi. depending. outer edge, which "dome isisupported aspaceddistance above thegupper Jend ofsaid-inlet tube; said. convex burner. dome being spaced from thewalls ofs'atidhollowcasing 5 so asto .define- -.an .ainpassage, afuel 'inlet'pipe .passing upwardthroughsaid.convex burner dome and having. lateral fuel.v outlet apertures formed ,therein .a...spaoe'd. distance above said convex burnerdome,means'for closing the upper end of said fuelinlet pipe,..said hollow casinghaving the upper-end thereof closed by .a.plate.a'nd means torch may be inserted through opening it) to'ignite the fuel at the edge of the burner dome [3. The flame will quickly spread around the upper surface of the burner dome, but will burn with greatest intensity around the outer:peripheryidfwthe dome l3, due to the air that passes upward through tubular member [5 andout through an-- nular passages l8 and 19.

The air passing through;this annularspacezalso causes the flame to be drawn upward bythe draft created by the flue 4. The air mixture to'the burner may be further regulated by the door 9,

= which isimposition-to close or partially close to any desired degree, the exterior openingof-"down The damper 5 may be utilized to further regumaximum efficiencyofcombustion.

' It is to=be-pointed out that'eithergaseous or crude oil, can-' beburned in the stove withou'tany interchange of parts: and without "changing the regulating valves, and that either typ'e f uel will operate with a Nhigh degree for iefliciencyfi This type of stoveburner produces: cc'mbustionio'fs the fuel that is practically free -froml rsmokefor' soot,

'The'devioe" operated as-describedigivcs an even of combustion :rise upward therein,:whichresults in the heating thereof, substantially throughout the length of'said bodyto a-uniform cleg-ree of "heat, regardless of the type off-uel used.

. By having the burner dome formed in a-con- .jfiow downward over. and around. this convex surface to the edge thereof where. it maybe-readily generating into a combustible mixture. 'After the fuel is generated into a combustible mixture; the 'pipe" 20 is sufficientlywarm; by focusing the heat,

by the concave portion, *onto the pipe. 20; which i insures proper temperature" for thei'proper *generation of the fuel;withoutcausing"cokingor resulting' in accumulationof'carbolrwithmth fuel inlet pipe' ZiL -The-pipe 20 protr'udes upward and has a fuel outlet positione'd intermediate the lo-wer -end' of the downdraft pipe I 2 -=andthe upper surface of-convex burner dome l3, so-that the air coming-ih from 'two directions,- dire'cts 'the blaze outward-against-the body l of i the' stove to' giveuniform heating thereofr It is to be further pointed out that the air coming through'opening I Scomes 'intoiclirect contact with -'.the :undersi'dei of the' b'urnerdomeilfiziand; isii iheated. 'The amount of air-directed into: thestove r through opening I 51 isiproportioned in accordance l-with-ltheannulanpassage l 51h i air maybe introd-u-oed through openingil l .-.-the amount of which inayr begauged "by the manipu -lation of sliding door' 9 to give proper combustion to. the particular fuelbeing used.

ver, additional TIn-the'case ofgaseous fuels, the fuelisreguwithin said plate for venting said'hollowc'asing. 3..A stove for burning either gaseous orliquid fuelwhichstov e has aihollow casing, a, plate secured to the lower portion thereof and forming a bottom .therefor, said-bottom plate having an air inlet tube secured therein andeXten'dingnpwa'rdly into the interior of said hollowcasing, a nonereservoir cover platehaving a downwardly depending outer .edga'whichcover plate issupf .ported a spaced distance above the .upper'end of said air inlet tube, saidcover'plate. being spaced from the walls of. said hollow casing soias to define an air passageafuel inlet-pipe'passing upa vardlvthrough' said cover :plate and having lateral'fuel outlet apertures formed thereina. spaced :olistance "above said :coverlplate; disc means "for closing the upper end of sai'd'f'uel inlet pipe,"said hollow casing having the. upper end thereof'closed by a'top platasai'dtop plate having a downwardly xextending itube secured therein which tube extends'a spaced distance; above said firstm'entioned I 'coverplate so as todirect air into close' communl- 'cation' with said; incoming fueL and 'm'eans'for ventingsaidhollow casing.

easel 4. A stove for burning either gaseous or liquid fuel which stove has a hollow casing, a .plate secured to the lower portion thereof and forming a bottom therefor, said bottom plate having an air inlet tube secured therein and extending upwardly into the interior of said. hollow casing, a non-reservoir cover plate having a downwardly depending outer edge, which cover plate is supported above the upper end of said air inlet tube and spaced from the walls of said hollow casing so as to define an air passage, a fuel inlet pipe passing upwardly through said cover plate and having lateral fuel outlet apertures formed therein a spaced distance above said cover plate, means for closing the upper end of said fuel inlet pipe,

said hollow casing having the upper end thereof closed by a top plate, said top plate havinga downwardly extending tube secured therein, said plate on said fuel inlet pipe positioned within said downwardly extending tube and spaced therefrom so as to define an air passage there- -around, which tube extends to within a spaced forming a bottom therefor, said bottom plate having an air inlet tube secured therein and extending upwardly into said hollow casing, a convex burner non-reservoir dome having a downwardly depending outer edge, which dome is supported a spaced distance above the upper end of said air inlet tube, said burner dome being spaced from the walls of said hollow casing so as to define an air passage, a fuel inlet pipe passing upward through said convex burner dome and having lateral slitted fuel outlet apertures formed therein a spaced distance above said convex burner dome, disc means for closing the upper end of said fuel inlet pipe, said hollow casing having the upper end thereof closed .by a top plate, said top plate having a downwardly extending tube secured therein, which tube extends into said hollow casing a spaced distance above said convex burner dome so as to direct air into close proximity with the incoming fuel, an adjustable closurev for said downwardly extending pipe for gauging said incoming air, and means for venting said hollow casing.

6. A stove for burning either gaseous or liquid fuel having a hollow casing, a plate secured in the lower portion of said casinglan'd forming a bottom therefor, said bottom plate having air inlet tube secured therein and extending upwardly into said hollow casing, a non-reservoir cover plate concave on its underside and supported a spaced distance above the upper end of said air inlet tube, said cover plate being spaced from the walls of said hollow casing so as to define an air passage and to focus radiation of heat from said concave surface on said air inlet pipe, a fuel inlet pipe passing upward through said cover plate and having lateral fuel outlet apertures formed therein, which apertures each comprise a substantially round portion and an upwardly extending slotted portion connected thereto, said apertures being a spaced distance above said cover plate, means for closing the upper end of said fuel inlet pipe, said hollow casing having the upper end thereof closed by a top plate, and means for venting said hollow casing.

7. Astove for burning either gaseous or liquid fuel having a hollow casing, a plate secured to the lower portion of said casing and forming a bottom therefor, said bottom plate having an air inlet tube secured therein and extending upwardly into said hollow casing, a non-reservoir cover plate concave on its underside and supported a spaced distance above the upper end of said air inlet tube, said cover plate being spaced from the Walls of said hollow casing so as to define an air passage and to focus radiation of heat from said concave surface on said air inlet pipe, a fuel inlet pipe passing upward through said cover plate and having lateral fuel outlet apertures formed therein, each aperture being of greater width at one end than at the other end, said apertures being a spaced distance above said cover plate, means for closing the upper end of said fuel inlet pipe, said hollow casing having the upper end thereof closed by a top plate, and

means for venting said hollow casing.

MARTELL D. INGRAM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the Number Name Date 751,968 Wolf Feb. 9, 1904 762,407 Herriif June 14, 1904 1,194,519 Lee Aug. 15, 1916 1,205,389 Preston Nov. 21, 1916 1,248,104, Gregson Nov, 27, 1917 1,605,789 Sheer Nov. 2, 1926 1,927,434 Cole Sept. 19, 1933 Faulkner July 23, 1940 

